Computer Security and Cyber Security

Protecting systems and data from unauthorised access — key threats, terms, and protective measures.

📖 ~4 min read 💻 RRB NTPC / Group D — Computer Awareness

Term	Meaning
Firewall	A system that monitors and controls incoming/outgoing network traffic based on security rules
Encryption	Converting data into a coded form to prevent unauthorised access
Phishing	Fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy source
Hacking	Unauthorised access to a computer system or network
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)	Requires two separate forms of verification to access an account

⚠️ Phishing relies on social engineering (tricking the user), not technical hacking — awareness is the primary defence.

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